Pipe joining methods pdf

There are several categories of methods to join copper tube and fittings. It is most commonly used with pe for joining the pe to a pipe or fitting of a different material, or in circumstances where fusion is not feasible. Types of pipe joints various types of pipe joints are as follows. Expanding tool joining method specified most often for pex pipe. Generally, the pipe joint fitted can easily sustain the pressure created in the pipe. Mechanical assembly requires the use of fittings, generally working on the compression principle, to join different materials together. Socket welding may be manually performed on pipe diameters up to 2 63 mm. Welding is generally defined as the act of joining together two or more components by heating the parent metal surfaces with an electric arc or arcs, and producing coalescence a solid connection with or without the use of a filler metal. Electrofusion is a simple method of joining pe pipes in circumstances where butt fusion is not practicable, such as where valves, elbows, and tees must be added. This article throws light upon the top five methods used for joining of metals. It is one of the most common methods of joining pipes used in large infrastructure like commercial. Dont wait more than 34 seconds before joining the pieces together. Joining methods jm eagles hdpe gas pipe systems can easily be joined by socket fusion, butt fusion, saddle fusion, mechanical fittings or electrofusion. Process piping is usually joined by welding using a tig or mig process.

Joints are also used for multiple pipe connections, and are an important component of the plumbing system. Methods of joining pipe there are three main methods of joining pipes together and attaching fittings to them. Joining methods refer to both the methods and materials used to combine piping materials for specific applications. Mechanical pipe joints of the pin and bell variety, and methods of forming same, wherein the ends are preformed so as to permit a controlled interference fit upon joining and preferably provide a double seal against both internal and external pressure, the joints being particularly adapted for fieldgrade materials, aluminum members, and internally and externally coated members and. The style 607 rigid copper coupling is available for joining 2 to 4inch copper tubing and is rated up to 300 psi. Question 5b is based on those who answered pvc in question 5a. Using the akafusion couplers and equipment, pipe s, fittings and prefabricated pipe sections can efficiently be assembled. Mechanical pipe joints of the pin and bell variety, and methods of forming same, wherein the ends are preformed so as to permit a controlled interference fit upon joining and preferably provide a double seal against both internal and external pressure, the joints being particularly adapted for fieldgrade materials, aluminum members, and internally and externally coated members and being. Qualifications based on nationally accepted procedures. Types of pipe joints in plumbing system for pipes connection.

Nfpa recommends that ring gauges be used to verify that the threads comply with ansiasme b. The physical characteristics of this elastomer ensures that the gasket will not decay or deteriorate from contact with the materials flowing in the pipe or. However the joint is a only 1 or 2 millimetres thick and has been made by simply joining the surfaces. Yang and his coworkers utilised both analytical and numerical methods to study frp pipe joint under various loading modes 17, 18, while ladhwe et al. C welded pipe c mechanical grooved couplings c brazingsoldering copper tube c other listed methods pipe joining requirements. Pex connection methods the most common connection method used in pex installation is the crimp method. Ssab water mains joining methods and pipe installation this data sheet describes the most common joining methods of steel water mains and the most. Pipe fittings, joints and valves 5 introduction in unit 4, we studied the importance of measurements in.

All methods are reliable means of joining the piping system. Pvc pipe itself does not usually have threaded ends. Pdf design and analysis of composite pipe joints under tensile. Brazed joints, with capillary fittings, are used where greater joint strength is required or where service temperatures are as high as 350f. This is the process of joining pipe by melting a filler metal with a low melting point into. With tapered grooves cut into the ends of a run of pipe, screwed pipe and. Prefabricated fittings are used, incorporating an electrical heating coil which melts the plastic of both the fitting and the pipe, causing them to fuse together.

The process is to soften the end of the tube and inside the fitting. Soldering is used on all three plumbing systems water, waste and vent piping. This specification covers the material pipe and fittings, joining methods and general installation practice for factory mutual approved high density. The plain end of the pipe is tapered or rounded to facilitate entry into the bell and selfcentering in the gasket. When the filler metal cools it bonds the two pieces of metal together. Generally speaking, hdpe pipe is butt fused by applying heat to prepared pipe ends and then pushing the pipe ends together with a predetermined force to make a permanent butt fusion joint. Style 107 joins 2 to 6inch carbon steel pipe and is rated up to 500 psi.

Construction inspection for fo activities pipe installation. In each description we will list the different plumbing systems and which pipe joining methods apply and finally, the benefits and drawbacks of each. People often twist pvc pipe pieces a bit when joining them in order to. Welded joints are made without additional glue or rubber rings joints and are actually the strongest points of the pipe system. Tyton joint, field lok 350 and flange tyte gaskets meet the specifications, performance requirements and pressure ratings in accordance with standard. There are various common methods of joining parts together used in engineering works. Hdpe pipe pipe and fittings, valves fabco plastics. Plastic piping jointing methods linkedin slideshare. It is a very simple process utilizing a properly sized butt fusion machine for the pipe size to be joined. Soldered joints, with capillary fittings, are used in plumbing for water lines and for sanitary drainage. If pex pipe, which joining method do you specify most often. Joining methods for cast iron compression gasket the compression gasket is a precision molded onepiece gasket that is made of an elastomer that meets the requirements of astm c564. Soldering is one of the techniques of the joining method, but thinner parts. This process involves sliding a ribbed fitting into the pex tube and crimping a seal ring around the connection point.

Wo2080018a1 fiberglass pipe jointing methods and systems. There are three main methods of joining pipes together and attaching fittings to them. Stamped concrete and its preparation and construction methods. Pipe joining methods water piping the plumbing info. Sizes above that require a bench socket tool due to the required joining forces. In this method, joining is done by coalescence resulting from application of pressure only or a combination of heat and pressure. A system of jointing reinforced thermosetting resin rtr pipe, including. Dont insert the pipe at an angle, and dont twist either piece just push the pipe straight in.

Guide for pvc pressure fittings pvc pipe association. Butt welded piping systems are used for most process. Choosing a backup generator plus 3 legal house connection options transfer switch and more duration. Seamless pipes are widely used in the manufacturing of pipe fittings such as bends, elbows, and. Pipe joining methods study, december 2007 page 1% 2% 97% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% heat fusion solvent cementing total respondents 126 5b. Apr 29, 2016 joining methods for cast iron compression gasket the compression gasket is a precision molded onepiece gasket that is made of an elastomer that meets the requirements of astm c564. C threads on threaded pipe required to comply with ansiasme b.

These joining methods include soldering, brazing and electric resistance. Slip in pvc does not mean the connection will be slippery, but rather that the fitting will slip right over the pipe. This data sheet describes the most common joining methods of steel water mains and the most important. Pipe joining methods study, december 2007 page 15 2% 24% 26% 48% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% other crimptype fittings total respondents 54 5d.

Research on copper joining techniques evaluates new designs. Fitting and joining methods for steel pipe by ayu azhari on prezi. Soldered joints, with capillary fittings, are used in plumbing. Hdpe fm pipe, fittings, fusion 12117 sample specification for high density polyethylene hdpe pipe, fittings and joiningfusion for fire protection part 1 general 1. Different types of pipe joints used in plumbing system are as follows. Always make sure that there is sufficient distance between the edge of the fasteners hole and the parts edge.

This document is reprinted, with permission from tech update, november 1998, airconditioning and refrigeration institute. A pipe fitting is defined as a part used in a piping system, for changing direction, branching or for change of pipe diameter, and which is mechanically joined to the system. Mechanical pipe joints of the pin and bell variety, and methods of forming same, wherein the ends are preformed so as to permit a controlled interference fit upon joining and preferably provide a double seal against both internal and external pressure, the joints being particularly adapted for fieldgrade materials, aluminum members, and internally and externally. All installers involved in the project must be versed in all connection and transition methods to ensure that the system is still reliable and works well as a unit. The most commonly used pipe welding process is shielded metal arc welding smaw, also known as stick welding. Pdf mainly, this presentation covers the pipes and fittings of piping. The plastic pipe joining qualification program includes the following features.

It is the material of choice in harsh chemical environments. Smaller lines are usually joined by socketwelding or screwing. There are three common methods of joining piping, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Methods of cutting ductile iron pipe are described in section 3. Pipe laying progresses with the lay vessel moving forward on its anchors. Jan 01, 2008 the style 607 rigid copper coupling is available for joining 2 to 4inch copper tubing and is rated up to 300 psi. Positive grippingwill not crush, crack or notch plastic pipe. Even if heat is used, the temperature in the process is less than the. Pipe joining for plumbing and heating systems caleffi. Astm f477, standard specification for elastomeric seals gaskets for joining plastic pipe astm f1674, test method for joint restraint products for use with pvc pipe awwa c605, underground installation of polyvinyl chloride pvc and molecularly oriented polyvinyl. This is the first in a multipart series about the online piping and usage specification opus resource available from the mechanical contractors association of america mcaa. In plumbing this technique is mostly done with copper piping. Students are qualified on plastic pipe joining mechanical and heat fusion methods.

Understand that if pipe may flow full under pressure, that a water tight joint should be used. Method of pipe joining zaplok systems international, inc. This issue of idronics discusses classic and contemporary methods of joining pipe in hydronic and plumbing applications. Joining method specified most often for pvc pipe screwed schedule 80 and larger. Oct 26, 2017 opus has proven to be a good source for basic information about many systems, materials, and pipe joining methods. Hdpe pipe fusion hdpe joining methods hdpe electrofusion. This is the process of joining pipe by melting a filler metal with a low melting point into a joint. Question 5d is based on those who answered pex in question 5a. The victaulic mechanical pipe joining systems originated in the first world war and has evolved continuously to include the ability to join many pipe materials and sizes.

Another common means of joining pipe is the threaded end te connection. Hdpe pipe is corrosion and chemical resistant hdpe pipe will not corrode, tuberculate or support biological growth. It serves as a good starting point a solution for information and a how to find answers website for questions and critical needs referring to the pipe, valve and fittings pvf industry, applications and preferred uses of. Pe pipe joining procedures 327 chapter 9 pe pipe joining procedures introduction an integral part of any pipe system is the method used to join the system components. Most plumbing codes will refer to recognized standards that govern the methods and materials used to fabricate each type of joint although the selection of the joining method will be determined by many factors. Research on copper joining techniques evaluates new designs and brazing methods copper applications in innovative technology. Screwed fittings for steel piping are generally made of cast or malleable iron for typical hydronic systems, fittings with a 125 psi pressure rating are usually adequate welding is a process where the two metal ends to be joined are melted and then fused together with a metal. This specification covers the material pipe and fittings, joining methods and general installation practice for high density polyethylene pipe hdpe piping systems for water and wastewater utility use as indicated on the drawings. Pipes made from materials other than polyethylene can be connected by compression fittings, flanges or other suitable adapters made for the purpose. Types of pipe joints are major components of plumbing system provided to connect multiple pipes.

This is an arc welding process which establishes an arc between a. Pipe laying including the slay and jlay by a lay vessel involves joining pipe joints on the lay vessel, where welding, inspection, and field joint coating take place at a number of different workstations. Common practices for using mechanical fasteners are discussed in this section. This is just one reason that most pvc fittings have slip ends. Secure and durable connections lasting 50 to 100 years. Polyethylene pipes and fittings are connected to each other by butt welding, electrofusion welding or mechanical fittings.

If pvc pipe, which joining method do you specify most often. Chapter 9 pe pipe joining procedures plastics pipe institute. The piping industry is vast when one considers all the different systems, materials and joining methods that can be used. Proper engineering design of a system will take into consideration the type and effectiveness of the techniques used to join the piping components and. However, there is a restriction on the manufacturing of large diameter pipe. Lines of 2 inch or larger are usually buttwelded, this being the most economic, leakproof method. Pipe joints in water supply are major components of plumbing system provided to connect multiple pipes. When putting pipe into a slip fitting, the connection may seem tight, but to transport any liquid media, it. Stainless steels are weldable materials, and a welded joint can provide optimum corrosion resistance, strength, and fabrication econom y. Seamless pipes are manufactured in a verity of size and schedule. Rhea, in pipe drafting and design third edition, 2012. The next few paragraphs will go over the different ways we, as plumbers join pipe and fittings together. All joining methods must first and foremost provide secure, dependable, and verifiable means of combining or joining pipe or tubing materials. Designed specifically for large diameter plastic pipe and fittings, this remarkable tool is lightweight, durable and can easily be operated by one man.

Since fused joints are selfrestraining, costly thrust restraints or thrust blocks are not required. May 05, 2011 choosing a backup generator plus 3 legal house connection options transfer switch and more duration. On pipe cut in the field, the plain end can be easily beveled and smoothed by the use of a portable grinding wheel or other suitable apparatus. Jul 06, 2012 this type of joint requires a little thought. Be sure that the contractor uses the method specified. Generally, the choice of which joining method to use is at the discretion of the individual. In the fabrication of stainless steel products, components, or equipment, manufacturers employ welding as the principal joining method. Asahiamerica pipe allowable bend socket socket fusion in socket welding, the pipe end and socket fittings are heated to welding temperature by means of a socket and spigot heater inserts. Compare these features with the products and method youre now using. Most akatherm products can be welded by electrofusion. Solder is an alloy of tin and lead, sometime antimony and bismuth are also added. There are several types of pipe joints, but their selection depends on pipe sizes, material and flow pressure etc pipe joint provided should withstand pressure of each pipe.